Conclusions

In the light of the current wide-spread use of voice prostheses after laryngectomy, we believe that tracheostoma construction and reconstruction should be planned in consideration with prosthetic voice rehabilitation. If the voice prosthesis is successful, we advocate the use of the lateral flap techniques in the reconstruction of tracheostoma stenosis. In that way the prosthetic speech production is uninterrupted. If the stoma stenosis occurs together with TE fistula problems, temporary closure of the fistula might be considered in the same procedure.